Human Error and Preventive Actions †Free Samples to Students

Question: Talk about the Human Error and Preventive Actions. Answer: Presentation Human blunder can be characterized as something that is submitted without the expectation of the individual. It can likewise be characterized as a demonstration of work that doesn't satisfy a specific arrangement of rules set for it. These might lead the assignment or framework to breakdown. Sensibly, disappointment of human activities can happen because of two reasons: the activities may have gone as arranged, yet the arrangement itself was deficient; or, the arrangement may be sufficiently adequate, however the presentation unacceptable (Dekker, 2014). This report targets portraying the three primary sorts of human blunder and examining their individual preventive activities. They are blunders in aptitude based, rule-based and information based practices (Mattox, 2012). These mistakes will be portrayed in detail. The purpose for such errors and the conceivable preventive activities will be featured upon, in the further course of the report. The disappointment in execution and taking part in inadvertent activities are named ability based blunders. While, disappointments identified with expected activities or arranging, are known as missteps and can be additionally ordered as rule-based and information based mix-ups (Chen et al., 2013). Ability based Error Ability based mistakes commonly will in general happen during routine exercises. These may happen if the consideration is redirected from the errand, due to either musings or certain outside components. These blunders by and large happen despite the fact that the individual has all the vital information, aptitudes and experience required for the activity. A similar individual may have played out the assignments effectively numerous multiple times before or all the time. In any case, because of specific interruptions, the person may neglect to do it accurately that one time, and the mistake is submitted. This sort of mistakes doesn't mirror any inconsistency in the people handle over the undertaking. This may anyway enable the managers to presume that the individual is negligent or that the workplace isn't sufficiently tranquil. As crafted by an individual turns out to be to a greater extent a daily schedule and less imaginative, they can be gathered with little cognizance. In this wa y, progressively natural the assignment turns into, the simpler it gets for the brain to stray. In such fields of work, it very well may be reasoned that the profoundly experienced laborers can submit more ability based mistakes contrasted with the individuals with less experience. Further grouping of expertise based blunders uncovers slip of activity, memory pass and natural catch (Raeson Hobbs, 2017). Slip of Action: This happens at the execution phase of an undertaking. An individual may play out an errand wrongly because of distractedness or aggravations (Baars, 2013). For instance, a pilot who is to enter in a specific order An into the GPS framework winds up entering in order B, on being hindered by his co-pilots inquiry (Plant and Stanton, 2012). Memory Lapse: This happens after the confining of the arrangement however before its execution, while the arrangement is still there in the memory. Memory pass is neglecting to do a specific piece of a grouping (Guo et al., 2014). For instance, considering a model in the IT business where a worker is very much aware of doing documentation reports for programming codes. One fine day, he may neglect to do the correct arranging of the archive and submit the assignment without it. This would go in as an ability based blunder because of memory slip by, as he unexpectedly skirted a stage. Natural Capture: This sort of mistake happens when the individual is doing likewise task that he is acclimated with, however in another condition or framework (Afonso Mesquita, 2013). It takes a touch of adjustment for the human cerebrum to adjust to the change. For instance, an individual who is utilized to take a shot at a typical work area console with a different number cushion may confront issues when acquainted with a PC console without the number cushion. The individual may wind up striking incorrectly keys on the console while expecting to type numbers. Preventive Actions As there are further orders in aptitude based blunder, diverse preventive measures ought to be taken. To stay away from or forestall slip of activity, one must put outrageous fixation at work. Outside unsettling influences ought to be limited. Standard crosschecking must be polished while doing quick paced assignments (Min et al., 2015). Memory slip by blunder happens every so often. One may never know or acknowledge whether the individual in question had overlooked a stage. These are simply unfortunate blunders. Mistakes because of natural catch are the most effortless to forestall. It by and large blurs away with time. When the individual becomes accustomed to working in the new condition, he may prevail with regards to adjusting to it. Rule-based missteps happen when a planned game-plan neglects to accomplish the normal results. These may occur because of a wrong follow up of a standard or because of the utilization of an inappropriate or rebel plan (Kuselman et al., 2013). Numerous models can be attracted identified with this case. One for instance is a circumstance in health related crisis. By and large, it is encouraged to apply new water on a cut or injury before applying any clinical treatment. An individual, attempting to adhere to a similar principle, applies water on a physical issue caused because of consume. This would thusly make more harm it. This can be considered when in doubt based error, as the individual attempted to follow a similar clinical strides for a cut physical issue while dealing with a consume. The arrangement didn't work out, prompting an error. Another model can be of a woodworker, who should let the furniture dry for in any event daily in the wake of applying paste. Rather, he neglects to submit to the standard and starts dealing with it before the endorsed time. This may corrupt the nature of the furnishings. This is where the inappropriate execution of rules prompts botches. To maintain a strategic distance from or forestall rule-based errors, an assortment of activities can be performed. The person who is utilized to such errors must bring additional consideration into settling them. The person must take into inside and out learning of rules and guidelines to deal with separate circumstances. Individuals regularly will in general disrupt guidelines to achieve alternate routes to progress. In this way, tolerance is another significant factor that can assist with dispensing with such issues. Unique consideration and help can be given as an outcast also. An administrator for instance, can organize unique instructional meetings for people who will in general misconstrue plans and rules all the time. This would help in getting out any uncertainty that the individual may have. Information based Mistake These missteps happen, when an expected assignment neglects to arrive at its ideal result because of the absence of intense information. Individuals, when endeavoring to work by the experimentation technique additionally submit this sort of missteps. Mistaken or ill-advised information correspondence frequently brings about such errors. Insufficient nature of preparing, absence of a legitimate learning framework or feeble mindfulness towards the learning procedure drives individuals into submitting such mix-ups. This is normal among new workers. Having recently joined a new position, they will in general be apprehensive. They additionally need enough understanding. Hence, such errors happen. Information based missteps are incredibly normal because of the immeasurability of information based errands. There is no limit to learning. In specific cases, individuals will in general focus on the more extensive subtleties of a learning procedure and rather disregard the unimportant ones. Thi s makes a need information too. Errands that require such insignificant information would mess up them. Instances of such slip-ups can be drawn from each conceivable field. Evidently, an inn gourmet expert, attempting to get ready something new, applies his own mind. As for this situation, he picked the experimentation technique to accomplish his objective, the food probably won't end up being adequate (Harrington Ottebbacher, 2013). This would go down as an information based slip-up, because of ill-advised arranging. In any case, such errors are for the most part experienced during tests. A learner software engineer, who has quite recently been elevated to the group, may will in general submit this sort of errors. He comes up short on the experience expected to deal with all sort of bugs and issues in his projects (King, Holder Ahmed, 2013). Wiping out information based mix-ups is an intense inquire. As referenced before, there is no limit to learning. In any case, there are strategies that can be adjusted to keep away from such slip-ups. In the period of web, one can take into counseling the web at whatever point an uncertainty crosses the brain. An individual must tend to continue learning with exceptional accentuation laid on quality instead of amount. Experimentation strategies ought to be deserted if there should arise an occurrence of genuine issues. People must be profoundly mindful to preparing and enlistment meetings on the off chance that they wish to maintain a strategic distance from early information based errors at work. Directors should likewise hold tolerance in managing such issues. Learning is a moderate procedure and comes in the end. Rebuffing a person for their absence of information would just debase their certainty. Nonetheless, supporting the individual and helping him with data, would just lift h is profitability. End Human mistake and human execution can be closed as cut out of the same cloth. The investigation of the qualities of blunder, uncover the different classifications in it. Ability based blunders happen because of absentmindedness or outer unsettling influences and rule-based mistakes because of human carelessness. They are as yet avoidable. Information based blunders are anyway unavoidable, as there will never be a conclusion to learning, in any field. Human blunder can never be totally nullified. To blunder is human. Nonetheless, the main basic approach to escape from making such mistake is to crosscheck the undertakings. A few mix-ups may be unsalvageable. Individuals should never lose trust. To fix their own blunders and errors is their sole obligation. References Afonso, J., Mesquita, I. (2013). Expertise based contrasts in visual pursuit practices and verbal reports in an agent film-based undertaking in volleyball.International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport,13(3), 669-677. Baars, B. J. (Ed.). (2013).Experimental

Diagnostic Test Related Musculoskeletal System Health And Social Care Essay

Symptomatic Test Related Musculoskeletal System Health And Social Care Essay Both of these can uncover levels of different minerals and different substances demonstrating malady or a musculoskeletal issue. The degrees of certain protein in the blood may likewise help analyze an illness. Blood and Urine tests are the most widely recognized tests used to analyze issues inside the musculoskeletal framework. Likewise, before medical procedure, blood tests are utilized to recognize draining inclinations. Urinary N-telopeptide of type 1 collagen or N-Tx and deoxypyridinoline (Dpd) both reflects expanded osteoclast movement and expanded bone resorption. b. Nerve Conduction Studies It is utilized to quantify the electrical movement of muscles when a muscle fiber agreements to decide whether the muscles and nerves are working appropriately. It is performed by invigorating a fringe nerve at a few focuses along its course and recording the muscle activity potential or the tangible activity potential that outcomes. Typically, surface or needle terminals are utilized. It is put on the skin over the nerve to invigorate the nerve strands. A strategy called truax memoir will show nerve conduction designs, which changes in different muscle and nerve ailments. c. Imaging Procedures X-Ray Studies Bone X-Rays decides the bone thickness, disintegration, and changes in bone connections. It is utilized to analyze broken bones or joint disengagements, manage orthopedic medical procedure, for example, spine fix or imbuement, aid discovery and analyze of bone malignant growth, and find remote articles around delicate tissues and in bones. Joint X-Rays uncover liquid inconsistency, spike arrangement, narrowing and changes in joint structure. It is utilized to recognize degenerative conditions on the joints, cracks, and tumors. Numerous X-Rays with different perspectives are additionally required for full evaluation of the structure being inspected. Registered Tomography It is utilized to recognize the area and degree of breaks in zones that are hard to assess, for example, hip bone socket. It very well may be performed with or without the utilization of complexity operators and can represent an itemized explicit plane of included bone and can likewise uncover tumors of the delicate tissues or wounds to the tendons or ligaments. Attractive Resonance Imaging It can show anomalies, for example, tumors and narrowing of tissue pathways through the bone. It is a noninvasive strategy and electromagnets are utilized that is the reason patients with any metal inserts, clasps or pacemakers can't have a MRI. IV differentiate specialist are utilized to upgrade perception. Arthrography It recognizes intense or incessant tears of the joint case or supporting tendons of the knee, shoulder, lower leg, hip, or wrist. A radiopaque difference operator or air is utilized. It is infused into the joint cavity to envision the sporadic surfaces. The joint will be gotten through its ROM to convey the complexity operator joined by a progression of X-Rays. In the event that the differentiation operator spills, it implies a tear is available. 2. Examine musculoskeletal changes related with the maturing procedure. Maturing prompts changes in equalization, ligament and bone tissue. The typical maturing process doesn't have to have restricted developments. Versatility is influenced by close to home way of life and the level of action that the individual has kept up for a mind-blowing duration. Albeit, a portion of the constraints of portability happens because of dread, for example, dread of falling. a. Changes in Balance The support of parity depends on incorporating reactions from the visual framework, vestibular framework in the inward ear and the proprioceptors in the muscles and joints. Furthermore, with maturing, more seasoned individuals requires more noteworthy precise development in joints for proprioception to be accomplished. b. Cartilaginous Changes There is misfortune in the ordinary flexible properties of ligament because of an expansion in water misfortune and statement of filaments. The expanded fiber thickness in connective tissue and ligament delivers a work or interconnection for the testimony of calcium. Furthermore, this records fot the expanded calcification of ligament with maturing. The hyaline ligament additionally loses liquid and is changed over to fibrocartilage. The articular ligament changes with the flexibility being lost. Diminishing happens over the weight bearing zones which influences working, for example, the adjustments in the menisci of the knee joint that will restrain free development. The loss of water from ligament in the intervertebral plates prompts compaction of the vertebrae and shrinkage of the spinal section, which is viewed as a misfortune in tallness. Many joint of the body becomes solidified with maturing. The stature misfortune is additionally influenced by joint changes and by the straigh tening of the curve of the foot. c. Bone Changes Osteoporosis is an ordinary maturing process as the androgen diminishes. It is an unevenness between bone reabsorption and development. On the off chance that it is serious, it might cause breaks and may prompt bowing of the long bones and to an expansion in spinal ebb and flow because of vertebral breakdown. 3. Examine tolerant groundwork for an arthroscopy. Arthroscopy is a methodology used to straightforwardly imagine a joint to analyze joint issue. Different medications can likewise be performed through the arthroscope, for example, treatment of tears, deformities, and infection forms. Arthroscopy is frequently proceeded as an outpatient technique. It is a basically a bloodless methodology with by and large hardly any difficulties. It is acted in the working room under clean conditions. Infusion of neighborhood sedation into the joint or general sedation, a spinal or epidural sedation is utilized. The patient ought to have the option to endure the sedative operator utilized. Heart and lung capacity ought to be satisfactory. Existing issues, for example, emphysema ought to be improved as conceivable preceding medical procedure. Anticoagulants ought to be deliberately balanced before medical procedure if the patient is taking them. Preoperatively, physical assessment, blood tests and urinalysis will be performed. On the off chance that the patient has a past filled with heart or lung issues, and is over the age of 50, an ECG and chest X-beam is acquired. The patient ought to likewise have guidance on practices and postoperative activation, for example, prop strolling. Patients are commonly urged to activate the influenced part following medical procedure with sufficient absense of pain. 4. Examine segments of a musculoskeletal physical evaluation. a. Stance Spine is evaluated for ordinary ebb and flow. It is arched through the thoracic part and inward through the cervical and lumbar bits. Kyphosis, lordosis and scoliosis are regular disfigurements of the spine. Kyphosis is generally found in old patients with osteoporosis and in some with neuromuscular ailment. The whole back, hindquarters and legs ought to be uncovered during assessment of the spine. Spinal bends and trunk evenness are investigated from back and parallel perspectives. Contrasts in the stature of the shoulders or iliac peak are noted. Evenness of the shoulders and hips, line of the vertebral segment are assessed at erect position and patient twisting forward. Tallness ought to be estimated particularly in grown-ups in light of the fact that in more established grown-ups, loss of stature happens because of loss of vertebral ligament and osteoporosis. b. Stride Have the patient leave for a short separation and watch the patients stride for perfection and musicality. Instability and unpredictable developments which are habitually found in older patients are strange. c. Bone Integrity Distortions and arrangements are evaluated in the hard skeleton. Symmetric parts are thought about. Unusual bone developments are watched. Abbreviated furthest points, removals, and body parts that are not in anatomical arrangements are archived. On the off chance that breaks are available, development must be limited to keep away from extra wounds and some may incorporate irregular angulation of long bones, movement at focuses other that joints and crepitus. d. Joint Function ROM, deformation, solidness and nodular arrangement are noted. ROM is done both effectively and latently. Goniometer can be utilized for exact estimation of ROM. On the off chance that the joint is undermined or excruciating, it ought to be analyzed for radiation, expanding and increment in temperature for it might reflect dynamic irritation. In the event that there is sure irritation on the joints, a doctor is counseled. Palpation of the joint while it is in detached development will give data on joint respectability. The joint regularly moves easily; snap or split demonstrates a tendon is slipping over a hard noticeable quality. The somewhat roughened surfaces results in crepitus. Tissues around the joints are inspected for knob development. The size of the joint is regularly overstated by decay of the muscle proximal and distal to that joint which is seen in rheumatoid joint inflammation. e. Muscle Strength and Size Solid quality and coordination, size of individual muscles, and patients capacity to change position are evaluated. Muscle tone is controlled by palpating the muscle while inactively moving the casual furthest point while muscle quality is surveyed by having the patient play out specific moves with and without included opposition. Muscle clonus may likewise be inspired by unexpected, commanding, supported dorsiflexion of the foot or expansion of the wrist. Automatic jerking of muscle fiber gatherings might be watched. The circumference of an extremityis estimated to screen expanded size. It might diminish because of muscle decay. It is significant that the estimation be taken at a similar area of the limit and with the furthest point similarly situated, with the muscles very still. Good ways from a particular milestone must be shown. Varieties in size more prominent than 1cm are viewed as huge. f. Skin Skin is investigated for edema, shading, and temperature. Palpation is performed to uncover if any territories are hotter which proposes expanded perfusion of aggravation, or the other way around. Cuts, wounds, skin shading, and proof of diminished dissemination or aggravation are noted. g. Neurovascular Status Visit neurovascular assessment is significant for quiet with musculoskeletal disarranges because of the hazard for tissue and nerve harm.

Does Cocaine Have Any Medical Uses

Does Cocaine Have Any Medical Uses Addiction Drug Use Cocaine Print Does Cocaine Have Any Medical Uses? By Naveed Saleh, MD, MS twitter linkedin Naveed Saleh, MD, MS, is a medical writer and editor covering new treatments and trending health news. Learn about our editorial policy Naveed Saleh, MD, MS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on June 28, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on November 26, 2019 Jose Azel, Getty Images More in Addiction Drug Use Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery Whenever the word cocaine is mentioned, the first thing that comes to mind is its abuse on the streets and the terrible consequences of dependence on the drug. And its true, cocaine is most commonly abused as an illicit drug. However, although rarely discussed, cocaine also has medical uses. Cocaine has many legitimate uses and is an excellent topical anesthetic. (Topical means applied to the skin.) For example, consider the following position statement: The American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Inc. considers cocaine to be a valuable anesthetic and vasoconstricting agent when used as part of the treatment of a patient by a physician. No other single drug combines the anesthetic and vasoconstricting properties of cocaine. Medical Use of Cocaine as an Anesthetic The fact that cocaine has anesthetic properties is unsurprising since cocaine and lidocaine are chemical cousins, and lidocaine is used as an anesthetic during dental procedures.?? Nevertheless, its compelling to take a closer look at cocaine as a medical treatment. Cocaine is a particularly effective local anesthetic that works by blocking nerve impulses. Specifically, by blocking norepinephrine uptake, cocaine causes vasoconstriction and anesthesia. As a medical treatment, cocaine is used during procedures involving the upper respiratory tract. In addition to anesthesia and vasoconstriction of the upper respiratory tract, cocaine also shrinks the mucosa or mucous membranes.?? Cocaine used during medical procedures comes in the form of a topical solution. This cocaine hydrochloride solution comes in three different concentrations: 1%, 4%, or 10%. Because of potential toxicity, usually, only 1% or 4% solutions are used.?? Cocaine as a Street Drug On the street, cocaine is sold as a crystalline powder. This powder is diluted or cut with sugars to increase its street value. Cocaine is also turned into crack, which takes the form of irregularly shaped chunks that are called rocks. Powdered cocaine can either be snorted or dissolved in water and turned into a solution that is injected into veins. Crack is smoked. When ingested, cocaine causes euphoria. It can also cause increased alertness, restlessness, irritability, and paranoia. Cocaine increases blood pressure and heart rate and can lead to heart attack and stroke.?? Actions and Effects of Cocaine Cocaine is an alkaloid derivative refined from coca leaves. Coca leaves grow on Erythroxylum Coca, a plant commonly found in South America. Cocaine is readily absorbed across mucous membranes including the linings of the nose and mouth, which explains why people who abuse the drug snort it or rub it on their gums. As a drug of abuse, cocaine works on the brain by blocking the reuptake of dopamineâ€"the feel good neurotransmitter. Cocaine also works by blocking the reuptake of the neurotransmitters serotonin and norepinephrine, which also contribute to a short-lasting rush or euphoria experienced after ingestion.?? Other effects of the drug include increased heart rate and increased blood pressure as well as a boost in self-confidence, vigilance, and well-being. Over time, the chronic use of cocaine reduces the concentration of neurotransmitter metabolites thus permanently interfering brain function. Signs of chronic abuse include an intense craving for more drug and feelings of irritability, violent outbursts, paranoia, and depression. Repeated doses may also lead to involuntary motor activity, heart disease, seizures, psychoses, respiratory failure, sexual dysfunction, and death.?? In addition to powder, cocaine can also be abused in the form of crack. Crack is a yellow-white rock processed with ammonia or baking soda.  Crack rock is smoked or freebased using a crack pipe. Crack is even more potent, addictive, and dangerous than cocaine powder. People who have used crack only once have become addicted. Furthermore, crack pipes burn so hot that they can damage the lips and mouth resulting in bleeding. When people share a crack pipe, they can also share blood-borne diseases like HIV. A Word From Verywell Cocaine probably suffers from an image problem. Because most people automatically associate this drug with abuse, its use is feared, reviled, or parodied. In reality, however, like many other drugs that are often abused, including marijuana, opioids, and (possibly) MDMA, cocaine does have legitimate and beneficial uses. Please note, however, that the clinical uses of cocaine are absolutely confined to a clinical setting when administered by a physician. Cocaine bought off the street is always dangerous.

Mill’S Two Proofs For The Ultimate Norm Of Morality . In

Mill’s two proofs for the ultimate norm of morality In his argument about the ultimate norm of morality, Mill claims that the utilitarian must claim that happiness happens to be the one and only thing that is desirable in itself. He also claims that the only proof of desirability is desire and goes ahead to give an argument that happiness happens to be the one and only thing that should be desired (Selling, 2016). Most importantly, Mill argues that an individual does desire his own happiness for its personal reasons and that makes happiness to be desired by and becomes desirable for its own sake as well as for humanity as a whole. Additionally, Mill goes ahead and tries to defend his postulation that happiness happens to be the only thing†¦show more content†¦From the proofs given by Mill, it can be easily seen that utilitarianism happens to be true if happiness happens to be the one and only thing desirable for its own sake and not for the sake of any other thing (Sullivan, n.d). Additionally, Mill states that the only proof of desirability is desire and every individual happens to desire his or her own happiness for its sake and not for the sake of any other thing. The other important point to note from the proofs is that, happiness is always needed for its own sake from the humanity point of view. It is important to note that happiness is always desirable for its own sake and happiness happens to be the only thing desires for its own sake (West, n.d). Other things like health, virtue, money, music, and power can always come to be desired for their own sakes but they are always desired as parts of happiness. The proofs also show that prudence us partial and as a result of it being partial, it always aims at the agent’s own happiness (Sullivan, n.d). On the other hand, the proofs indicate that morality by contrast happens to be impartial and as a result of it being impartial, it always aims at happiness as such. Additionally, if the moral point of view aims at personal happiness, then it happens to be the moral duty of each individual to promote happiness. As such, it is important to note that from the proof, happinessShow MoreRelatedUtilitarianism Vs. Utilitarianism By John Stuart Mill2839 Words   |  12 Pagesactions are governed by systems of morality, and our actions all define our society. A society is constructed of moral values, actions, and laws; hence these aspects all strive to make it a stable one. In order to cr eate peace and harmony, it is crucial that we do good deeds and perform ethical actions. However, what defines goodness? When is it that our actions deem ethical in terms of pleasure and happiness? Two important historical figures have provided two sets of ethical theories, a concreteRead MorePolygamy : Human Rights And Civil Liberties3424 Words   |  14 PagesMacRae, Paetsch, 2005). In light of the foregoing, this paper will evaluate the polygamy legislation in Canada for consistency (or lack thereof) with the Constitution. Acknowledging the complexity of the polygamy debate, this paper will borrow from two competing human rights perspectives — universalist and cultural-relativist perspectives. The former is predicated on individual rights, with a greater focus on civil and political rights, and the latter is predicated on collective rights such as culturalRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesto the future? Neo-modernist organization theory: putting people first? Neo-modernist organization theory: surfing the new wave? Postmodernist organization theory: new organizational forms for a new millennium? Postmodernism as a philosophy: the ultimate challenge to organization theory? Reflective organization theory: symbols, meanings and interpretations Reflexive organization theory: critical theory and psychoanalysis The evolution of management as reflected through the lens of modernist organization

Teaching Children How to Discriminate Essay - 673 Words

Teaching Children How to Discriminate Rosina Lippi-Greens article Teaching Children How to Discriminate - What We Learn From The Big Bad Wolf (1997) examines the discrimination and stereotypes toward different race, ethnicity, gender, religion, nationality and region that Disney presents in their animated films. Lippi-Green also points out the use or misuse of foreign accents in films, television and the entertainment industry as a whole. Such animated films are viewed mainly by children. Lippi-Green makes a central argument in which she says that children are taught to discriminate through the portrayal of the different accented characters in Disney films. Lippi-Green maintains her argument by concentrating on three†¦show more content†¦This is a connotation that people with an African descent are animals. The characters, especially the male seem to be unemployed or show no purpose in life beyond making of music and pleasing themselves (94). A further implication is given that Africans are idle. These negative stereotypes are even more evident as depicted in The Jungle Book by King Louie in which he sings a song where he wishes he was a human being. Another issue that Lippi-Green observed and commented on are, the use of gender and marital status stereotypes in Disney films. Disney denotes the idea that to be desirable, you should look a certain way and sound white (97). Children are presented with the idealistic view that the leading male characters in search of a mate have bulging necks and overly muscular thighs (95) and spoke in Mainstream United States English. Male characters are often the stronger and rougher who need women to care and tend to them. Lead female characters who are in search of their mate, epitomize how a conventional woman should be. From the physical aspect of being doe-eyed and tiny waist (95), to the homemaker status as portrayed in Disney films. 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If anyone wants to be a good and professional teacher, he or she has to follow the code of professional practice because it is the supportive guide line to become a good teacher. Teaching profession is becoming more complex and important because of our social system is continuously

Baldwin Cycle Case Free Essays

Baldwin Cycle Case 1. Relevant Cost: Direct Material$39. 8 Direct Labor$19. We will write a custom essay sample on Baldwin Cycle Case or any similar topic only for you Order Now 6 Variable Overhead(@40% of $24. 5)$9. 8 Total Relevant Costs$69. 2 2. 2-months Raw material for 25,000 bikes @ $38. 9$165,833 WIP Inventory(1000 @ $69. 2)$69,200 Finished Goods(500 @ $69. 2)$34,600 A/R (30 days) @(25,000/12*92. 29)$192,270 Total Inventory Costs$461,904 Relevant Asset Cost (@5. 5 %) $25,405 Total Relevant Asset Cost$487,309 Interest @ 18%$87,716 Net Relevant Cost$399,593 Price Per Bicycle$15. 98 3. Cannibalization or erosion will arguably lead to reduction in Baldwin’s revenue. The lost sales amount to $1. 3 Million. However, if the challenger bikes are not introduced fearing impacts of cannibalization or erosion, Baldwin’s competitor can step in and claim the benefits. Hi-Valu can turn to Baldwin’s competitor and that can have a larger and long-term effect on an already declining bicycle market share for Baldwin. 4. It is difficult to predict return as implementation of this deal opens up uncertainty in retaining existing customers. 5. The current inventory turnover rate is 125 days for Baldwin and 46 days for account receivable turnover. However, Hi-Valu will pay Baldwin in 30 days resulting in early cash realization. The deal also positively impacts inventory turnover by limiting it to 120 days. Thus the deal has a favorable impact on Baldwin Cash flows. 6. Baldwin’s financial situation is as follows: a. High debt to equity ratio from high amount of short-term debt b. High debt can lead to problems in raising additional financing c. From the current ratio(1. 28), it seems that Baldwin can pay of its liabilities d. With an 8. 2% ROE, Baldwin has a lower ROE than the industry average 7. Baldwin isn’t well poised at end of 1982 for the following reasons: a. Bicycle boom has flattened out resulting the plant operating capacity to be underutilized at 75% b. Challenger deal provides added capacity for a guaranteed 3 years with additional scope on a yearly contact basis c. Baldwin could lose sales of 3000 units and loss of current dealers due to the deal Based on long-term prospect of losing 3000 units of sales and current dealers, Baldwin should reject the deal unless some revisions to the deal are presented. How to cite Baldwin Cycle Case, Essay examples

Memorandum Findings and Principles of Management

Table of Contents Introduction Division of Work Authority and Responsibility Discipline Unity in Chain of Command, Unity of Direction Employee Related Principles References Introduction My advice to management on human management emanates from inspiration by the need for efficiency within the work force and at the same time promoting harmonious coexistence among colleagues. The functions of human resource management which include planning, organizing, directing, staffing and controlling require an approach that best serves the interest of the organization and individual members of staff.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Memorandum: Findings and Principles of Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is, therefore, the organization’s best interest to adopt and apply the findings and principles of management as put across by the father of management, the French engineer Henri Fayol (1841- 1925). His study and practical experience as an engineer and later as director of a mining company that employed over thousand workers reflected the relevance of his works. Division of Work To begin with, the company should delegate different duties and obligations to different people who bear the necessary qualifications to perform that particular kind of work. This division of work aims at getting the best out of specialization. Fayol argues that specialization brings out the best of every individual in the organization by limiting the level of responsibility such that they are able to concentrate on a particular area of work. Adoption of a system that shall allow all workers- including the managers to perform specific roles that do not have ambiguity of responsibility, and at the same time promotes improvement of particular skills to enhance individual and corporate productivity is important. Authority and Responsibility Authority should be given to employees that hold positions that comman d the necessity for the same. This gives them the power to give appropriate commands, besides creating the relevant professional confidence that is required when dealing with people. By giving managers and supervisors authority, the company will not only delegate powers to them, but also give them responsibility. They are therefore obliged to perform as expected to meet this responsibility. Discipline For authority to be effective, discipline should be emphasized within the workforce. This calls for personal responsibility on the part of the management and the workers with respect to adherence to work ethics (Sumon, 2010). Juniors are expected to obey their bosses, and everyone is expected to respect the rules and regulations that govern the organization. Unity in Chain of Command, Unity of Direction In addition, there should be unity in the chain of command. Orders and instructions that flow to the employees should follow a particular channel which is in agreement. There should not be contradictions as they would lead to misinformation and confusion of the workers. This principle is further fortified by the adoption of the one on unity of direction.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This requires that specific departmental functions to be under a specific leadership. Co-ordination of activities is demystified, and harmonious collective responsibility for the individual department is enhanced (Witzel, 2003). Employee Related Principles Employees’ interests should come after those of the company. Sensitization of the work force about the importance of this principle will ensure that they do not compromise the achievement of the company’s goals in pursuit of their own. Achievement of the firm’s interest forms the basis of the employees’ work ethics and loyalty ratings. The firm should ensure that employees have security of tenur e and that they get fair pay for their work. When sure of their jobs’ safety and getting what they deserve for their efforts, workers are motivated to be more productive. Management should also encourage and be receptive to employees’ initiatives that are congruent to the company’s interests. Equity among employees is also crucial- management should not show favoritism among some employees as this would instigate animosity. This would foster and uphold the teamwork that Fayol described as Esprit de Corps principle. The company stands to gain from the implementation of these principles since they are not only relevant, but also crucial to the effective attainment of its goals. Implementation of what has not been adopted and strengthening what has is therefore beneficial (Daft, 1983). References Daft, R. (1983). Organization Theory and Design: West Series in Management. London: West Publishing Company. Sumon, A. (2010). Henri Fayol’s 14 Principles in Manage ment. Web. Witzel, M. (2003). Fifty Key Figures in Management. New York: Routledge Publishers.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Memorandum: Findings and Principles of Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay on Memorandum: Findings and Principles of Management was written and submitted by user Caydence Byers to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.